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Historical Figures From Maryland Maryland's Historical Sites and other Places of Interest Historical African American Figures From Maryland Former Great Seals of Maryland Maryland's Governor's 1634 to Present Day Maryland's County Establishment Maryland State Parks and Forests Fort Frederick and the French and Indian War |
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Governors 1777 - To Present Day By John T. Marck
By the Maryland
Constitution of 1776, the governor was chosen annually by a joint ballot of
both houses of the General Assembly (Md. Const. 1776, section 25). The
governor was required to be at least 25 years of age; a state resident for at
least five years prior to the election; and was required to hold real and
personal property in the state having a value of five thousand pounds or
more, one thousand of which was to be freehold
estate (Md. Const. 1776, section 30). The governor was limited to three successive
one-year terms and in the four years thereafter could not serve again (Md.
Const. 1776, section 31). The first popular
election for governor was held October 3, 1838, in accordance with a 1837 constitutional amendment (Acts of 1836, chapter
197). Per this amendment the state was divided into three gubernatorial
election districts: 1st District (Eastern District) Caroline, Cecil, Dorchester, Kent, Queen Anne's, Somerset, Talbot
and Worcester Counties. 2nd District (Northwestern District) Allegany, Baltimore, Carroll, Frederick, Harford and Washington
Counties. 3rd District (Southern District) Baltimore City, Anne Arundel, Calvert, Charles, Montgomery,
Prince George's, St. Mary's Counties. The governor was to be elected every three years by the voters of
one gubernatorial district, on a rotating basis. This process of voters from
a single gubernatorial district selecting the governor continued through the
election of 1864. The Maryland Constitution of 1851 continued the system of
gubernatorial election districts. It raised the minimum age of candidates to
thirty. The governor was required to have been a U.S. citizen and state
resident for five years, and a resident of the district from which he was
elected for three years. The term of the governor was lengthened to four
years (Md. Const. 1851, Article 2. secs. 1, 6). Gubernatorial election districts were eliminated by the 1864
Constitution. Thereafter, beginning with the election of 1868, the governor
was elected by vote of the entire state's electorate. The 1864 Constitution
also ended district residency requirements for candidates (Md. Const. 1864,
Article 2, sec. 5). The Maryland Constitution of 1867 required the governor to have
been a citizen of the state of Maryland for ten years, a Maryland resident
for five years, and a qualified voter at the time of the election (Md. Const.
1867, Article 2, sec.5). The governor was limited to two consecutive terms by
constitutional amendment ratified in 1948 (Acts of 1947, ch.109). In 1970, a constitutional amendment required that the governor be
a resident and registered voter of the state for only five years preceding
the election (Acts of 1970, ch.532). GOVERNORS, 1777-1839 Elected by Legislature for one-year term under Constitution
of 1776 1777-1779 Thomas Johnson - No Political Party Born: November 4, 1732, Calvert County. Died: October 26, 1819, Rose Hill, Frederick County Buried: All Saints' Parish Cemetery, Frederick, Md. 1779-1782 Thomas Sim Lee - No Political Party Born: October 29, 1745, Prince George's County. Died: October 9, 1819, Needwood, Frederick, County. Buried: Mt. Carmel Cemetery, Upper Marlboro, Prince George's
County. 1782-1785 William Paca - No Political Party Born: October 31, 1740, Abingdon, Harford County. Died: October 13, 1799, Wye Hall, Queen Anne's County. Buried: Wye Hall, Queen Anne's County. 1785-1788 William Smallwood - No Political Party Born: 1732, Charles County. Died: February 14, 1792, Mattawomen,
Charles County. Buried: Smallwood's Retreat, Charles County. 1788-1791 John Eager Howard - Federalist Born: June 4, 1752, Baltimore, Md. Died: October 12, 1827, Baltimore City. Buried: Old St. Paul's Cemetery, Baltimore. 1791-1792 George Plater - Federalist Born: November 8, 1735, St. Mary's County Died: February 10, 1792, Annapolis Buried: Sotterley, St. Mary's County(1) 1792-1794 Thomas Sim Lee - (see above 1779-1782). 1794-1797 John Hoskins Stone - Federalist Born: 1750, Charles County Died: October 5, 1804, Annapolis, Md. Buried: Annapolis, Md. 1797-1798 John Henry - Federalist Born: November 1750, Weston, Dorchester County Died: December 16, 1798, Weston, Dorchester County Buried: Christ Protestant Episcopal Church Cemetery, Cambridge,
Md. 1798-1801 Benjamin Ogle - Federalist Born: January 27, 1749, Annapolis, Md. Died: July 6, 1809, Annapolis, Md. Buried: Annapolis, Md. 1801-1803 John Francis Mercer - Democrat Born: May 17, 1759, Marlborough, Stafford County, Virginia. Died: August 30, 1821, Philadelphia, Pa. Buried: Cedar Park, Anne Arundel County. 1803-1806 Robert Bowie - Democrat Born: March 1750, Mattaponi, Prince George's County. Died: January 8, 1818, Mattaponi, Prince George's County. Buried: Mattaponi, Prince George's County. 1806-1809 Robert Wright - Democrat Born: November 20, 1752, Queen Anne's County. Died: September 7, 1826, Blakeford,
Queen Anne's County. Buried: Cheston-on-Wye, Queen Anne's County.(2) 1809-1811 Edward Lloyd - Democrat Born: July 22, 1779, Talbot County. Died: June 2, 1834, Annapolis, Md. Buried: Wye House, Talbot County.(3) 1811-1812 Robert Bowie (see above 1803-1806). 1812-1816 Levin Winder - Federalist Born: September 4, 1757, Somerset County. Died: July 1, 1819, Baltimore City. Buried: Monie Creek, Somerset County. 1816-1819 Charles Ridgely of Hampton(4)- Federalist Born: December 6, 1760, Baltimore County. Died: July 17, 1829, Hampton, Baltimore County. Buried: Hampton, Baltimore County. 1819 Charles Goldsborough - Federalist Born: July 15, 1765, Hunting Creek, Dorchester County. Died: December 13, 1834, Shoal Creek, Dorchester County. Buried: Christ Protestant Episcopal Church Cemetery, Cambridge. 1819-1822 Samuel Sprigg - Democrat Born: 1783, Prince George's County. Died: April 21, 1855, Northampton, Prince George's County. Buried: Oak Hill Cemetery, Georgetown, Washington, D.C. 1822-1826 Samuel Stevens, Jr. - Democrat Born: July 13, 1778, Talbot County. Died: February 7, 1860, Compton, near Trappe, Talbot County. Buried: Stevens family Cemetery, Talbot County.(5) 1826-1829 Joseph Kent - Democrat Born: January 14, 1779, Calvert County. Died: November 24, 1837, Rosemount, Prince George's County. Buried: Rosemount, Prince George's County. 1829-1830 Daniel Martin - Anti-Jackson Born: 1780, The Wilderness, Talbot County. Died: July 11, 1831, Talbot County. Buried: Spring Hill Cemetery, Easton, Talbot County. 1830-1831 Thomas King Carroll - Jackson Democrat Born: April 29, 1793, Kingston Hall, Somerset County. Died: October 3, 1873, Dorchester County. Buried: Old Trinity Church graveyard, Church Creek, Dorchester
County. 1831 Daniel Martin (see above 1829-1830).(6) 1831-1833 George Howard - Anti-Jackson Born: November 21, 1789, Annapolis, Md. Died: August 2, 1846, Waverly, Howard County. Buried: Old St. Paul's Cemetery, Baltimore City. 1833-1836 James Thomas - Anti-Jackson Born: March 11, 1785, De La Brooke Manor, St. Mary's County. Died: December 25, 1845, Deep Falls, St. Mary's County. Buried: Deep Falls, St. Mary's County. 1836-1839 Thomas W. Veazey - Whig Born: January 31, 1774, Cecil County. Died: July 1, 1842, Cecil County. Buried: Family Cemetery, Cherry Grove, Cecil County. GOVERNORS, 1839-1854 Elected by voters for three-year term
under Constitution of 1776, amended 1837.(7) 1839-1842 William Grason - Democrat Born: March 11, 1788, Queen Anne's County. Died: July 2, 1868, Queen Anne's County. Buried: Queenstown, Queen Anne's County. 1842-1845 Francis Thomas - Democrat Born: February 3, 1799, Frederick County. Died: January 22, 1876, Frankville, Garrett County. Buried: St. Mark's Episcopal Church Cemetery, Petersville,
Frederick County. 1845-1848 Thomas G. Pratt - Whig Born: February 18, 1804, Georgetown, Washington, D.C. Died: November 9, 1869, Baltimore City. Buried: St. Anne's Protestant Episcopal Church Cemetery,
Annapolis, Md. 1848-1851 Philip Francis Thomas - Democrat Born: September 12, 1810, Easton, Talbot County. Died: October 2, 1890, Baltimore City. Buried: Spring Hill Cemetery, Easton, Talbot County. 1851-1854 Enoch Louis Lowe - Democrat Born: August 10, 1820, Frederick County. Died: August 23, 1892, New York. Buried: Catholic Cemetery, Frederick. GOVERNORS, 1854-1866 Elected by voters for four-year term
under Constitution of 1851(8) 1854-1858 Thomas Watkins Ligon - Democrat Born: May 10, 1810, Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia. Died: January 12, 1881, Chatham, Howard County. Buried: Family cemetery, Howard County. 1858-1862 Thomas Holliday Hicks - Native American Born: September 2, 1798, Dorchester County. Died: February 13, 1865, Washington, D.C. Buried: Cambridge Cemetery, Dorchester County. 1862-1866 Augustus W. Bradford - Unionist Born: January 9, 1806, Bel Air, Harford County. Died: March 1, 1881, Baltimore City. Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City. GOVERNORS, 1866-1869 Elected by voters for four-year term
under Constitution of 1864(9) 1866-1869 Thomas Swann - Unionist Born: 1806, Alexandria, Virginia. Died: July 24, 1883, Leesburg, Virginia. Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City. GOVERNORS, 1869 to Present Elected by voters for four-year term
under Constitution of 1867 1869-1872 Oden Bowie - Democrat Born: November 10, 1826, Prince George's County Died: December 4, 1894, Fairview, Prince George's County Buried: Fairview, Prince George's County 1872-1874 William Pinkney Whyte - Democrat Born: August 9, 1824, Baltimore City Died: March 17, 1908, Baltimore City Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City 1874-1876 James Black Groome - Democrat Born: April 4, 1838, Cecil County Died: October 4, 1893, Baltimore City Buried: Presbyterian Cemetery, Elkton, Cecil County 1876-1880 John Lee Carroll - Democrat Born: September 30, 1830, Baltimore City Died: February 27, 1911, Washington, D.C. Buried: Bonnie Brae Cemetery, Howard County 1880-1884 William T. Hamilton - Democrat Born: September 8, 1820, Washington County Died: October 26, 1888, Hagerstown, Md. Buried: Rose Hill Cemetery, Hagerstown, Washington County 1884-1885 Robert M. McLane - Democrat Born: June 23, 1815, Wilmington, Delaware Died: April 16, 1898, Paris, France Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City(10) 1885-1888 Henry Lloyd - Democrat Born: February 21, 1852, Dorchester County Died: December 30, 1920, Cambridge, Md. Buried: Christ Protestant Episcopal Church Cemetery, Cambridge,
Dorchester County 1888-1892 Elihu E. Jackson - Democrat Born: November 3, 1837, Somerset County Died: December 27, 1907, Baltimore City Buried: Parsons Cemetery, Salisbury, Md. 1892-1896 Frank Brown - Democrat Born: August 8, 1846, Carroll County Died: February 3, 1920, Baltimore City Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City 1896-1900 Lloyd Lowndes - Republican Born: February 21, 1845, Clarksburg, West Virginia Died: January 8, 1905, Cumberland, Md. Buried: Rose Hill Cemetery, Cumberland, Allegany County 1900-1904 John Walter Smith - Democrat Born: February 5, 1845, Worcester County Died: April 19, 1925, Baltimore City Buried: Presbyterian Cemetery, Snow Hill, Worcester County 1904-1908 Edwin Warfield - Democrat Born: May 7, 1848, Howard County Died: March 31, 1920, Baltimore City Buried: Family burial ground, Cherry Grove, Howard County 1908-1912 Austin L. Crothers - Democrat Born: May 17, 1860, Cecil County Died: May 25, 1912, Elkton, Md. Buried: West Nottingham Presbyterian Cemetery, Cecil County 1912-1916 Phillips Lee Goldsborough - Republican Born: August 6, 1865, Cambridge, Dorchester County Died: October 22, 1946, Baltimore City Buried: Christ Protestant Episcopal Church Cemetery, Cambridge,
Dorchester County 1916-1920 Emerson C. Harrington - Democrat Born: March 26, 1864, Dorchester County Died: December 15, 1945, Cambridge, Md. Buried: Christ Protestant Episcopal Church Cemetery, Cambridge,
Dorchester County 1920-1935 Albert C. Ritchie - Democrat Born: August 29, 1876, Richmond, Virginia Died: February 24, 1936, Baltimore City Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City(11) 1935-1939 Harry W. Nice - Republican Born: December 5, 1877, Washington, D.C. Died: February 24, 1941, Richmond, Virginia Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City 1939-1947 Herbert R. O'Conor - Democrat Born: November 17, 1896, Baltimore City Died: March 4, 1960, Baltimore City Buried: New Cathedral Cemetery, Baltimore City(12) 1947-1951 William Preston Lane, Jr. - Democrat Born: May 12, 1892, Washington County Died: February 7, 1967, Hagerstown, Md. Buried: Rose Hill Cemetery, Hagerstown, Md.(13) 1951-1959 Theodore R. McKeldin - Republican Born: November 20, 1900, Baltimore City Died: August 10, 1974, Baltimore City Buried: Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore City 1959-1967 J. Millard Tawes - Democrat Born: April 8, 1894, Somerset County Died: June 25, 1979, Crisfield, Md. Buried: Sunny Ridge Memorial Park, Crisfield, Somerset County(14) 1967-1969 Spiro T. Agnew - Republican Born: November 9, 1918, Baltimore City Resigned: January 7, 1969(15) 1969-1979 Marvin Mandel - Democrat Born: April 19, 1920, Baltimore City(16) Lieutenant Governors(17) Lieutenant Governor: 1971-1979 Blair Lee III Born: Silver Spring, Md., May 16, 1916 Died: October 25, 1985 1979-1987 Harry R. Hughes - Democrat Born: November 13, 1926, Easton, Talbot County Lieutenant Governor: 1979-1982; Samuel W. Bogley Born: Washington, D.C., November 16, 1941 Lieutenant Governor: 1983-1987; J. Joseph Curran, Jr. Born: West Palm Beach, Florida, July 7, 1931 1987-1994 William Donald Schaefer - Democrat Born: November 2, 1921, Baltimore City Lieutenant Governor: 1987-1994; Melvin A. Steinberg Born: Baltimore City, October 4, 1933 1994-2003 Parris N. Glendening - Democrat Born: June 11, 1942, Bronx, New York Lieutenant Governor: Kathleen Kennedy Townsend(18) Born: July 4, 1951. 2003-2007 Robert L. Ehrlich - Republican Born: November 25, 1957, Baltimore (Arbutus), Maryland Lieutenant Governor: Michael S. Steele(19) Born: October 19, 1958, Andrews Air Force Base, PG County,
Maryland 2007 - 2015 Martin J. O'Malley - Democrat Born: January 18, 1963, District of Columbia Lieutenant Governor: Anthony G. Brown Born: November 21, 1961, Huntington, New York 2015 to 2023 Lawrence Joseph "Larry" Hogan - Republican Born: May 25, 1956, District of Columbia Lieutenant Governor: Boyd Rutherford Born: April 1, 1957, District of Columbia 2023 to Present Westley “Wes” Watende Omari Moore – Democrat (20) Born: October 15, 1978, Takoma Park, Maryland Lieutenant Governor: Aruna Miller (21) Born: November 6, 1964, Hyderabad, India 1. James
Brice (1746-1801) became acting governor on the death of Governor Plater on
February 10, 1792. He served until April 2, 1792, when Thomas Sim Lee was
elected for the balance of the unexpired term. 2. Governor Wright resigned on May 6,
1809. James Butcher of Queen Anne's County became acting governor. He served
until June 5, 1809, when Edward Lloyd qualified. 3. By Acts of 1811, chapter 211, ratified
in 1812, the date of the election of the governor was changed from the second
Monday in November to the second Monday in December. 4. Charles Ridgely of Hampton was named
Charles Ridgely Carnan at birth. In 1790, he legally assumed the name Charles
Ridgely in compliance with the terms of the will of his uncle, Captain
Charles Ridgely. 5. By Acts of 1823, chapter 111, ratified
in 1824, the date for holding the election for governor was changed to the
first Monday in January. 6. Governor Martin died in office on July
11, 1831. George Howard succeeded him. Governor Howard completed Governor
Martin's term, which expired in January 1832 and was subsequently elected by
the legislature for a one-year term. 7. By Acts of 1836, chapter 197, ratified
in 1837, the term of the governor was extended to three years. 8. Under the Constitution of 1851, the
term of the governor began on the second Wednesday in January following his
election and was for four years. 9. The only election held under this
constitution was on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November
1864. 10. Governor McLane resigned on March 27,
1885. Henry Lloyd, who was president of the Senate, succeeded him as acting
governor until January 21, 1886, when the legislature elected him to complete
the remainder of McLane's term. 11. Acts of 1922, chapter 227, provided
for quadrennial elections. The governor elected in November 1923 held office
for three years. Beginning with the election held on the first Tuesday after
the first Monday in November 1926, elections were held in the even-numbered
years which were not presidential election years. 12. Governor O'Conor resigned on January
3, 1947 to accept a seat in the United States
Senate. William Preston Lane, Jr.,was elected by
the legislature on January 3 of that year to complete the unexpired term.
Governor Lane was inaugurated on January 3 for the remainder of Governor
O'Conor's term and on January 8, 1947, for the full four-year term. 13. Acts of
1947, chapter 109, established a two-term limit for each governor. 14. Acts of 1964, chapter 161, changed the
date of the beginning of the governor's term to the fourth Wednesday in
January following his election. 15. Governor Agnew resigned on January 7,
1969, having been elected vice-president of the United States. Marvin Mandel
was elected by the General Assembly on the same day to fill the balance of
Governor Agnew's term, which expired in January 1971. Governor Mandel was
subsequently elected by the voters to a full four-year term on November 3,
1970. 16. Acts of
1970, chapter 576, changed the date of the beginning of the governor's term
to the third Wednesday in January following his election. By a letter dated
June 4, 1977, Governor Mandel notified Lieutenant Governor Blair Lee III that
Lee would serve as acting governor until further notice according to the
terms of Article 2, Section 6b, of the Maryland Constitution of 1867. Lee
continued to act in the capacity of acting governor until January 15, 1979,
when Mandel rescinded his letter of June 4, 1977, two days before the
expiration of his second full elective term. Governor Mandel also designated
Lee acting governor for a brief period on January 16, to,
permit Lee to preside at the installation of Rita C.
Davidson to the Court of Appeals. 17. The office of lieutenant governor was
created by the Constitution of 1864. The lieutenant governor served as
president of the Senate, and acted as governor in case of the death,
resignation, removal from the state, or other disqualification. The only incumbent
of that office under the Constitution of 1864 was Christopher C. Cox, who was
elected on November 8, 1864, took the oath of office on January 11, 1865, and
served until January 8, 1868. The Constitution of 1867 did not provide for a
lieutenant governor. The office was reestablished by a constitutional
amendment ratified on November 3, 1970. 18. Kathleen Kennedy Townsend is the
daughter of Robert F. Kennedy, and is Maryland's
first woman lieutenant governor. 19. Michael Steele
was the first African American to serve in a Maryland state-wide office and
the first Republican lieutenant governor in the state since the position was
reestablished in 1970. He was, at the time, the highest-ranking elected
African American Republican in the United States. 20. Maryland’s first
African American Governor 21. Maryland’s
first Asian American Lieutenant Governor. Copyright © 1990-2022 by John T. Marck. All Rights Reserved.
This article and their accompanying pictures, photographs, and line art, may
not be resold, reprinted, or redistributed for compensation of any kind
without prior written permission from the author. From Maryland The
Seventh State A History, by John T. Marck. Copyright © John T. Marck, All
Rights Reserved. A Splendid Time Is Guaranteed For
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